Patients’ risk factors, comorbidities, and overall health status are assessed to determine the optimal management strategy, which may include medical therapy, surveillance, or surgical intervention.

Patients with mild or asymptomatic valvular disease may receive medications to manage symptoms, control blood pressure, or prevent complications.

For severe valvular disease or symptomatic patients, surgical options such as valve repair or replacement may be considered to restore proper valve function and improve outcomes.

Patients undergo regular follow-up appointments and monitoring to assess treatment efficacy, disease progression, and overall cardiovascular health. Adjustments to management may be made as needed to optimize long-term outcomes.