PFO Closure: Preventing Paradoxical Embolism with Minimally Invasive Procedure
PFO closure is a procedure to treat paradoxical embolism, where a blood clot travels through a patent foramen ovale (PFO) from the venous to arterial circulation, causing strokes or other complications.
During the procedure, a closure device is inserted through a catheter and deployed to seal the PFO, reducing the risk of recurrent embolic events and improving patient outcomes.
Patients undergo diagnostic tests such as echocardiography to confirm the presence of a patent foramen ovale (PFO) and assess the risk of paradoxical embolism.
Anesthesia or conscious sedation is administered to ensure patient comfort during the procedure.
A catheter is inserted into a vein, usually in the groin area, and guided to the heart under fluoroscopic guidance.
Using specialized equipment, a puncture is made in the atrial septum to access the PFO.
A closure device, typically made of mesh or other materials, is advanced through the catheter and positioned across the PFO.
The closure device is released, allowing it to expand and seal the PFO securely.
Transesophageal echocardiography or fluoroscopy is used to confirm proper device placement and ensure effective closure of the PFO.
Patients are monitored in a recovery area for any immediate complications, such as bleeding or arrhythmias.
PFO closure in paradoxical embolism primarily involves specialists in interventional cardiology, who perform the procedure to close the patent foramen ovale (PFO). Additionally, neurologists, vascular surgeons, and interventional radiologists may be involved in patient evaluation and decision-making regarding PFO closure, especially in cases where multidisciplinary expertise is required.
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