Depending on the severity and location of the calcified arteries, individuals may experience symptoms such as chest pain (angina), leg pain (claudication), or neurological deficits (in the case of carotid artery calcification).

Diagnostic tests such as ultrasound, CT scans, or angiography may be performed to assess the extent of arterial calcification and evaluate cardiovascular risk.

Treatment strategies aim to reduce cardiovascular risk factors through lifestyle modifications (e.g., healthy diet, regular exercise) and medications (e.g., statins, blood pressure medications). In severe cases, interventions such as angioplasty, stent placement, or surgical bypass may be necessary to restore blood flow and alleviate symptoms.