Treatment options depend on factors like the patient's overall health, symptoms, and the extent of the blockage. Conservative management with medication may be sufficient for some patients, while others may require more invasive interventions.

 Angioplasty with stent placement or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are common procedures for managing CTO. Angioplasty involves threading a catheter with a balloon through the artery to the blockage site, then inflating the balloon to widen the artery and placing a stent to keep it open.

Treating CTO can be technically challenging due to the calcified, tortuous nature of the blocked artery, requiring specialized equipment and skilled interventionists.

Successful intervention can relieve symptoms, improve heart function, and reduce the risk of complications like heart attacks. However, complications such as vessel perforation or reocclusion may occur, necessitating careful monitoring and follow-up care.